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Urine analyzer is an automatic instrument for measuring some chemical components in urine. It is an important tool for automatic urine examination in medical laboratory. This instrument has the advantages of simple and fast operation. However, improper use of the urine analyzer and many intermediate links and influencing factors will directly affect the accuracy of the automated analysis results, which will not only cause errors in the experimental results, but even delay the diagnosis. Therefore, the operator is required to have a full understanding of the principle, performance, precautions and influencing factors of the automated instrument, and use the automated instrument correctly, so as to make the results obtained by the urine analyzer more reliable Accurate.
In the 1950s, a single dry chemical test strip method was used to determine the protein and glucose in urine. The color change of the test strip was observed with the naked eye and compared with the standard plate to obtain the corresponding value. In the 1980s, due to the high development and wide use of computer technology, urine automatic analyzer also developed rapidly, and gradually developed from semi-automatic to full automation.
Urine analyzer is mainly used for 8-11 screening combined urine test strips for newly diagnosed patients and health examination; It can also be used to observe the curative effect of confirmed diseases, such as patients with kidney disease, diabetes, liver disease, etc.
According to the working mode, it can be divided into wet urine analyzer and dry urine analyzer. The dry urine analyzer is mainly used to automatically evaluate the results of the dry test paper method. Because of its simple structure and convenient use, it is widely used in clinic.
According to the classification of test items, it can be divided into 8 urine analyzers, 9 urine analyzers, 10 urine analyzers, 11 urine analyzers, 12 urine analyzers, 13 urine analyzers and 14 urine analyzers. The test items include urinary protein, urinary glucose, urinary pH, urinary ketone body, urinary bilirubin, urobilinogen, urinary occult blood, nitrite, urinary leukocyte, urinary specific gravity, vitamin C and turbidity.
According to the degree of automation, it can be divided into semi-automatic urine analyzer and full-automatic urine analyzer.
This kind of instrument is generally controlled by microcomputer, and the color change on the test strip is measured by the way that the sphere area analyzer receives the double wavelength reflected light for semi quantitative measurement. There are several reagent pads containing various reagents on the reagent belt, which react independently with the corresponding components in the urine and display different colors. The depth of the color is proportional to the power of a component in the urine. There is another "compensation pad" in the reagent belt, which is used as the background color of the urine to compensate for the errors caused by the changes of colored urine and instruments.
Place the reagent strip adsorbed with urine in the colorimetric tank of the instrument. Various reagent pads that have produced chemical reaction on the reagent strip are irradiated by the light source, and the reflected light is received by the spherical area analyzer. The photocell of the spherical area analyzer is irradiated by the reflected double wavelength light (the measurement light passing through the filter and a reference light). The selection of each wavelength is determined by the detection items.